Systematics and Biology of the New World Ants of the Genus pachycondyla (hymenoptera: Formicidae)

From the Foreword
“this work will increment the study of the biology of the ponerine ants of the genus Pachycondyla. Equally, this book will stimulate the study of the taxonomy of the genus, now that we can correctly identify material in museums and in the field and possibly discover new species which will easily take the genus to more than 100 species in our hemisphere. . . .One of the most important aspects of this publication is the use user friendly language and understandable treatment for the reader, whether it is a myrmecologist, general entomologist, ecologist, ethologist, naturalist or only someone simply curious about the biology of these interesting hymenopterans. Thanks to both of these authors for creating in this book an eagerly awaited synthesis of the biology and systematics of Pachycondyla.”
Prof. Fernando Fernandez Castiblanco,
Universidad Nacional de Colombia

FORWARD
PREFACE
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION

GENUS PACHYCONDYLA
TAXONOMIC HISTORY OF THE GENUS
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE GENUS
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GENUS
RELATIONSHIPS OF THE NEW WORLD SPECIES TO OTHER GENERA
THE WORKERS, FEMALES AND MALES
DEVELOPMENT
NESTING SITES AND POPULATIONS
ANTS AND PLANTS
FORAGING
NEST FOUNDATION
REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
STRIDULATION
VENOM AND STING
ASSOCIATES
ANATOMY AND GENETICS
MISCELLANEOUS

SPECIES COMPLEXES
Key to the species complexes, based on workers:
aenescens species complex
apicalis species complex
arhuaca species complex
constricta species complex
crassinoda species complex
crenata species complex
curiosa species complex
emiliae species complex
ferruginea species complex
foetida species complex
laevigata species complex
leveillei species complex
ochracea species complex
rostrata species complex
rubra species complex
stigma species complex
tarsata species complex
vieirai species complex

KEY TO NEW WORLD PACHYCONDYLA, BASED ON WORKERS
Clave para las obreras y hembras de Pachycondyla del Nuevo Mundo
Chave para os operários e fêmeas de Pachycondyla do Novo Mundo
Partial key to the males of Pachycondyla

LIST OF SPECIES
Pachycondyla aenescens Mayr
Pachycondyla agilis (Forel)
Pachycondyla antecurvata new species
Pachycondyla apicalis (Latreille)
Pachycondyla arhuaca (Forel)
Pachycondyla becculata new species
Pachycondyla breviscapa new species
Pachycondyla bucki (Borgmeier)
Pachycondyla bugabensis Forel new status
Pachycondyla carbonaria (F. Smith)
Pachycondyla carinulata (Roger)
Pachycondyla cavinodis (Mann)
Pachycondyla cernua new species
Pachycondyla chinensis (Emery)
Pachycondyla chyzeri (Forel)
Pachycondyla cognata (Emery)
Pachycondyla commutata (Roger)
Pachycondyla concava new species
Pachycondyla conicula new species
Pachycondyla constricta (Mayr)
Pachycondyla constricticeps new species
Pachycondyla cooki new species
Pachycondyla coveri new species
Pachycondyla crassinoda (Latreille)
Pachycondyla crenata (Roger)
Pachycondyla curiosa new species
Pachycondyla curvinodis Forel new status
Pachycondyla dismarginata new species
Pachycondyla donosoi new species
Pachycondyla eleonorae (Forel)
Pachycondyla emiliae (Forel)
Pachycondyla fauveli Emery
Pachycondyla ferruginea (F. Smith)
Pachycondyla fiebrigi (Forel) new status
Pachycondyla fisheri new species
Pachycondyla foetida (Linnaeus)
Pachycondyla fusca new species
Pachycondyla fuscoatra (Roger)
Pachycondyla gilberti (Kempf)
Pachycondyla gilloglyi new species
Pachycondyla gilva (Roger)
Pachycondyla globularia new species
Pachycondyla goeldii (Forel)
Pachycondyla guianensis (Weber)
Pachycondyla harpax (Fabricius)
Pachycondyla hispida new species
Pachycondyla holcotyle new species
Pachycondyla holmgreni (Wheeler)
Pachycondyla impressa (Roger)
Pachycondyla inca Emery new status
Pachycondyla insignis new species
Pachycondyla inversa (F. Smith)
Pachycondyla laevigata (F. Smith)
Pachycondyla latinoda new species
Pachycondyla lattkei new species
Pachycondyla lenis Kempf
Pachycondyla lenkoi Kempf
Pachycondyla leveillei (Emery)
Pachycondyla lineaticeps Mayr
Pachycondyla longidentata new species
Pachycondyla lunaris (Emery)
Pachycondyla luteola (Roger)
Pachycondyla magnifica Borgmeier
Pachycondyla marginata (Roger)
Pachycondyla metanotalis Luederwaldt
Pachycondyla minuta new species
Pachycondyla mirabilis new species
Pachycondyla moesta Mayr
Pachycondyla oberthueri Emery
Pachycondyla obscuricornis Emery
Pachycondyla pergandei (Forel)
Pachycondyla procidua Emery
Pachycondyla purpurascens Forel
Pachycondyla recava new species
Pachycondyla rostrata Emery
Pachycondyla rugosula Emery new status
Pachycondyla rupinicola new species
Pachycondyla schoedli Mackay and Mackay
Pachycondyla schultzi new species
Pachycondyla solisi new species
Pachycondyla stigma (Fabricius)
Pachycondyla striata F. Smith
Pachycondyla striatinodis Emery
Pachycondyla succedanea (Roger)
Pachycondyla tarsata (Fabricius)
Pachycondyla theresiae Forel
Pachycondyla unidentata Mayr
Pachycondyla venusta (Forel)
Pachycondyla verenae (Forel)
Pachycondyla vieirai new species
Pachycondyla villosa (Fabricius)
Pachycondyla zuparkoi new species

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
LITERATURE CITED
GLOSSARY