Migration, Asylum, and Refugees in Turkey: Studies in the Control of Population at the Southeastern Borders of the Eu

“This distinctive book begins by introducing different disciplinary perspectives related to concepts such as borders, crossborderness, migration and asylum…Turkey is situated at the core of the international migration and border security debates. Turkey’s geopolitical proximity to the European Union as an attractive destination of international migration has increased Turkey’s strategic importance as a transit and destination country. For this reason, Turkey and Turkey’s migration, asylum and border policies and practices raise profound interest among the international academic circles.”
-Professor Frank Sönmezolu,
Faculty of Political Science,
Istanbul University

“…it sheds light on the current asylum situation taking place in Turkey’s multiple borders and it identifies the need for understanding both the processes of bordering and the literature on migration / asylum in Turkey…introducing Turkey as a key actor in the European asylum migration policy debate.”
-Dr. Eftihia Voutira,
Department of Balkan, Slavic and Oriental Studies,
University of Macedonia

Foreword by F. Sönmezo?lu
Acknowledgement

INTRODUCTION: BORDERS, BOUNDARIES, MIGRATION
NURCAN ÖZGÜR BAKLACIO?LU

PART I: CONCEPTS, NORMS, POLICY PERSPECTIVES
1. Europeanizing Migration Control and Asylum at the South- Eastern Borders of the European Union: Turkey’s Case

YE?IM ÖZER
Introduction
A. Historical Perspective
1. Migration and asylum pressures at the EU external Borders
2. The main devices of the external border management in the EU
3. The devices of internal barriers to migration
B. The Impact of Turkey’s Asylum and Migration System
Conclusion

2. The Legal Framework of Asylum Policy in Turkey: Towards More Protection?

JULIETTE TOLAY
Introduction>br> A. Changes in Turkey’s Legal Framework
1. The pre-2005 system
2. Post – 2005 reforms
3. Terminology issues
B. Access to Asylum Procedure
C. The Principle of Non-refoulement and Deportation
D. Detention
E. Residence Permits
1. Permits
2. Fees
F. Work Permits
G. Health Care
1. Health insurance
2. Health assistance
3. Emergency health care and family doctors
H. Education
Conclusion

3. Human Rights, Asylum, and Migration in Turkey

ZEYNEP KIVILCIM
Introduction
A. Right to Enter and Remain in an Asylum State
B. Freedom from Arbitrary Detention and penalization for Illegal Entry
C. Freedom of Residence and Internal Movement
D. Right to Health Care
E. Right to Work
F. Right to Education
G. Vulnerable Groups
Conclusion

4. The Role of NGO’s in the Europeanization of the Asylum System in Turkey

AY?EGÜ BALTA
Introduction
A. Terminology Discussion
B. Introduction of NGOs in the Field of Asylum and their Historical Evolution
C. NGOs in the Institutional Framework of the Asylum Policy in Turkey
D. Problems of Implementation
E. The Role of NGOs in the Field of Asylum
F. Cooperation and Tensions Among the NGOs
G. Differentiation of Rights vs. Social Support
H. What do the NGOs Think About Their Roles in the System?
I. The Limits of NGOs
J. Relations of NGOs with the State
Conclusion

PART II: REGIONAL DIMENSIONS

5. Migration, Refugees and Maritime Boundary Control in the Aegean

DOLUNAY ÖZBEK
Introduction
A. Maritime Jurisdictional Zones
B. Obligations of State at Sea
C. Border Control in the Aegean
Concluding Remarks

6. Diverse Facets of Europeanization at the Iraqi-Turkish Border

DAMLA B. AKSEL & DIDEM DANI?
Introduction
A. The EU’s Differentiated Border Regimes and the Role of the Iraqi Border
B. Migration and Asylum in Turkey-EU Relations
C. The Geneology of Iraqi Migration in Turkey
D. The Impetus at the Turkish-Iraqi Borders
1. Open borders, trade and tourism
2. Closed borders, domestic security concerns
E. Changing Dynamics for Sub-groups from Iraq
Conclusion

7. Migration Across the Turkish-Iranian Border

MARAL JEFROUDI
Introduction
A. The Historical and legal Aspects of Migration Across the Turkey-Iran Border
B. Milestones of Iranian Transit Migration to Turkey
C. The Routes of Migration
D. Discussion on the Numbers of Iranian Transit Migrants
E. The Composition of Transit Migrants
F. Security Threats Against Iranian Transit migrants in Turkey
Conclusion

8. Caucasian Borders, Labor Migrants and Refugees

FABIO SALOMONI
Introduction
A. Border Policies
1. The Turkish-Soviet border in the Caucasus
2. The Polysemy of the contemporary Turkish-Caucasian border
B. Cross-border Mobilities, Migrant Laborers and Refugees
1. Turkish-Caucasian mobility
2. Migrant laborers
C. Being Undocumented (Caucasian) Migrant in Turkey
D. Caucasian Asylum-seekers and Refugees
Conclusion

9. “Open” Borders, Shifting Walls, at the Southeastern Borders of the EU

NURCAN ÖZGÜR BAKLACIO?LU
ABOUT THE AUTHORS

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